Abstract

Amid digital transformation and the rapid growth of social media, cyberspace has become an important environment for students’ learning, communication, and access to information. Despite its benefits, cyberspace also facilitates the dissemination of misinformation, distorted content, and erroneous and hostile viewpoints. For Political Education students, developing the ability to identify, verify, analyze, counter, and refute such content is particularly important for both their academic development and their future professional competence as educators. This article examines relevant theoretical and practical issues and proposes solutions to strengthen these skills among Political Education students.

Keywords: Countering and refutation, cyberspace, erroneous and hostile viewpoints, Political Education, skills.