Abstract

The 2024 Land Law institutionalized Resolution No. 18-NQ/TW, marking a significant shift in Vietnam’s approach to land management and use. However, after nearly two years of implementation, several legal gaps, inconsistencies with specialized legislation, and difficulties arising from the reorganization of the two-tier local government system have emerged. This article synthesizes and analyzes key issues requiring further reform, including mechanisms for land access and investor selection; land management authority under the two-tier local government system; principles of land valuation and the regulation of increases in land value; compensation, support, and resettlement policies; and consistency between the Land Law and related legislation. On this basis, the article proposes several directions for amendment to balance the objective of unlocking land resources for economic growth with the protection of land users’ legitimate rights and interests.

Keywords: Land Law, land prices, land recovery, land users, two-tier local government.