Abstract

The global criminal justice system is increasingly shifting from traditional custodial measures toward alternative community-based supervision mechanisms, among which electronic monitoring (EM) has emerged as a significant substitute for incarceration. EM employs technological devices—typically ankle or wrist bracelets—to monitor and manage individuals subject to preventive measures or serving criminal sentences within the community. This article examines key issues concerning the global use of EM, including its historical development, objectives, and implementation models in selected jurisdictions. Based on this analysis, the study evaluates practical experiences and draws lessons for Vietnam in the process of developing and refining its legal framework governing the application of electronic monitoring.

Keywords: Alternatives to pretrial detention, electronic monitoring, electronic monitoring devices, home detention curfews, human rights.