Abstract

This article examines the current state of fire prevention, firefighting, rescue, and emergency response at 1,442 classified historical and cultural heritage sites in Bac Ninh Province. Based on an assessment of the achievements and limitations in state management, design appraisal, fire safety inspection, and on-site emergency response capacity, the study proposes five key groups of solutions. Particular emphasis is placed on the application of minimally invasive fire safety technologies to protect the architectural integrity and cultural value of heritage sites. The article also recommends strengthening interagency coordination to ensure compliance with modern fire safety standards while adhering to the principle of preserving the original condition of cultural heritage. These solutions are intended to improve fire prevention and emergency response capacity, minimize the risk of damage to historical and cultural properties, and support the sustainable preservation of heritage sites in Bac Ninh Province.

Keywords: Bac Ninh Province, fire load, fire prevention and firefighting, heritage conservation, historical and cultural heritage sites, minimally invasive technology, rescue of cultural artifacts.