Abstract

The National Supervisory Commission (NSC) of China is the highest supervisory authority with independent legal status, as defi ned by the 2018 Constitution and Supervision Law. Although operating independently, the NSC is required to maintain close coordination with law enforcement agencies. This article explores the institutional relationship between the NSC and executive bodies in China, emphasizing the constitutional principle of mutual coordination and checks among state organs. It also compares this relationship with that between supervisory and executive agencies in Vietnam, highlighting both similarities and diff erences. The analysis underscores the importance of transparency and clear delineation of powers to enhance eff ectiveness and prevent institutional overlap or abuse.

Keywords: National Supervisory Commission, law enforcement, institutional relationship, China, Vietnam.