Abstract

Children’s growing presence in digital environments, coupled with rapid technological advances, has raised concerns about online child sexual abuse (OCSA). However, recent evidence on the scale and characteristics of OCSA has yet to be systematically synthesized. This scoping review aimed to synthesize evidence on OCSA and identify gaps in theory and practice. Guided by the PRISMA-ScR checklist, the review included 19 studies. Reported prevalence estimates ranged from 17% to 53%, varying by region, the definitions adopted, and study design. The review also identified groups of children who were more likely to experience OCSA. These findings provide an evidence base for developing programs and policies to prevent and address OCSA.

Keywords: Children, cyberspace, online child sexual abuse, online grooming, sextortion.