Abstract

Since ChatGPT was released in November 2022, higher education institutions worldwide have faced an unprecedented challenge: how to maintain academic integrity when students have access to a tool capable of generating high-quality academic content on demand that traditional plagiarism detection systems may fail to identify. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the academic and ethical risks associated with the use of ChatGPT in higher education, including AI plagiarism, misinformation, technological dependency, privacy violations, and algorithmic bias. Particular attention is paid to English for Specific Purposes (ESP) training, where these risks have distinctive manifestations and consequences. On that basis, the article proposes an integrated risk management framework for lecturers and educational administrators.

Keywords: Academic ethics, academic integrity, academic risks, AI plagiarism, ChatGPT, higher education.