Abstract

European identity is a socio-political construct that has been shaped and developed by the European Union (EU) throughout the process of European integration. Drawing on a constructivist perspective and an analysis of key EU documents, this article examines the EU’s approach to developing a shared European identity. The findings indicate that the EU’s initial emphasis on shared values, heritage, and civilization gradually expanded to encompass European citizenship, culture, and the principle of “unity in diversity.” Since 2016, the EU has placed greater emphasis on fostering a sense of belonging, participation, a shared future, and resilience through education and culture. The article argues that this shift reflects the EU’s use of culture and education to promote a shared identity as a strategic resource for strengthening social cohesion and supporting the long- term sustainability of European integration. Within this framework, Erasmus+ has emerged as an important instrument for advancing these objectives.

Keywords: Constructivism, Erasmus+, European identity, European integration, European Union.