Abstract

This article examines the development of the Communist Party of Vietnam’s thinking on the marine economy over 40 years of Doi Moi (1986–2026). Using historical and logical analysis, document analysis, and diachronic policy comparison, it identifies three major shifts: from sectoral exploitation to multisectoral and spatial integration; from growth-oriented priorities to an approach combining economic development with environmental protection, national defence, security, and foreign affairs; and from fragmented administration to governance based on marine spatial planning, data, science, and technology. Analysis of key Party resolutions and their institutionalization indicates an increasingly comprehensive strategic vision. However, implementation remains constrained by growth quality, technological capacity, value-chain integration, marine data, skilled human resources, and environmental pressures. The article proposes priorities toward 2030, with a vision to 2045, including institutional reform, spatial coordination, economic restructuring, ecosystem conservation, and stronger implementation capacity.

Keywords: Blue economy, Communist Party of Vietnam, marine governance, maritime economy, sustainable development.